Biology Essays

Qualitative Tests Used For Carbohydrates Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Carbohydrates are an essential component of our diet and an important source of energy for us. Most of the things generally included in our diet have a large ratio of carbohydrates present. Also the p...

Quantification of Chicken Egg White Albumin
Example essay. Last modified: 5th Jun 2018
Introduction: Standard curve Preparation for Quantification of Chicken Egg white albumin using Bradford assay Quantifying protein concentration is a very significant process for analyzing protein. It is essential ...

Quantification of Microbes in Food
Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2020
Introduction: Abstract Microorganisms can be found in many food products, but detection and quantification of these microbes could be more easily approximated by standard plate counts of colony-formin...

Quantitative Determination of Atrazine
Example essay. Last modified: 6th Jun 2018
Introduction: The objective of this study is to develop a simple and economic spectrophotometric method for the quantitative determination of atrazine. This method is based on the complexation of atrazine derivatiz...

Quantitative Enumeration of Microorganisms & Factors Influencing Microbial Growth
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Feb 2020
Introduction: Introduction Microbiologists determine the number of microorganism in a sample given and as well compare it to numerous conditions. Such as enumeration of microorganisms. This is extreme...

Quantitative Tests For Amino Acids And Proteins Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: The purpose is , determining whether amino acids or proteins are present in solution and amino acids are carrying a free amine group by using biuret test, ninhydrin test, xanthoproteic test and heavy...

Quantitative Tests For Aminoacids And Proteins Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: The purpose of this experiment is to obtain information about structural of a compound with some tests these are biuret ,ninhydrine ,xanthoprotic and heavy metal group by observing colour changes or n...

Quantum Dots For Drug Delivery Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: A drug delivery system can be defined as the mechanism for the introduction of drug and other therapeutic agents into the body for treating any disease. An ideal drug delivery system possesses two ele...

Quorum Sensing And Its Importance To Biotechnology
Example essay. Last modified: 25th Apr 2017
Introduction: Quorum sensing offers potential to create engineered bacteria capable of invading cancer cells. It is possible to envision the creation of novel anti-cancer therapeutics by the addition of cancer-dest...

Radiography Examination of Chest X-ray
Example essay. Last modified: 16th May 2018
Introduction: The use of different technical factors is required to contribute to the image quality. These are; selection of exposure factor, focal spot selection, the scatter management and the beam geometry invol...

Raoults Law And Binary Liquid Vapour Phase Diagram
Example essay. Last modified: 3rd May 2017
Introduction: Abstract This experiment will look into and study the Raoult’s law behaviour of a binary solution of acetone and toluene to see if the mixture solution follows Raoult’s law of ideal soluti...

Rate of Cellular Respiration | Experiment
Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018
Introduction: In the lab the relative volume of O2 consumed by germinating and non-germinating peas at room temperature and 10°C was determined. The central purpose was to find the affect of germination and temper...

Rate of Diffusion of Potassium permanganate, Potassium dichromate, and Methylene blue1
Example essay. Last modified: 25th Apr 2017
Introduction: 1 The Effect of Molecular Weight and Time on the Rate of Diffusion of Potassium permanganate, Potassium dichromate, and Methylene blue1 scientific paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requi...

Rate of Fermentation
Example essay. Last modified: 7th Aug 2018
Introduction: Cells obtain energy through a process called respiration. Yeast normally respires aerobically. In the absence of oxygen, yeast carries out anaerobic respiration. Yeast carries out alcohol fermentation...

Rate of Reaction and Yield Conversion | Experiment
Example essay. Last modified: 4th Jun 2018
Introduction: At the outset, the objective of this experiment is to scrutinize the rate of reaction and the yield conversion. And the foremost principal that should be applied in order to determine both rate of rea...

Rates of Body Heat Loss
Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2017
Introduction: Conduction is said to be when heat energy is transferred from a source to another without the movement of the source itself. Conduction occurs in solids, for example: metals are good conductors becaus...

Rates of Respiration in Peas Experiment
Example essay. Last modified: 21st May 2018
Introduction: Cellular respiration, aerobic, meaning occurring in the presence of oxygen occurs in the case of seeds. Respiration is the process by which cells breakdown or oxidize the organic molecule glucose into...

Reaction Between Persulphate And Iodide Ions Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Persulphate (S2O82-) is reduced to sulphate (SO42-) in presence of iodide ions (I-) in aqueous solution. While persulphate is being reduced, iodide is being oxidised to iodine. The overall reaction eq...

Reaction Rates of Alpha Amylase Enzyme
Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018
Introduction: Introduction Alpha-amylase is a type of enzyme (biological catalyst) which reduces the activation energy required in the hydrolysis of starch which thus speeds up the reaction rate. This reaction is i...

Reaction Time And Energy Drinks
Example essay. Last modified: 19th May 2017
Introduction: This extended essay is an investigation into reaction times in males and females and how they were affected by Red Bull. The research question was “How significant is the reduction in reaction t...

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production
Example essay. Last modified: 8th May 2018
Introduction: Reactive Oxygen Species Ever since the introduction of oxygen by the oxygen releasing photosynthetic organisms Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been the unwelcomed guests of aerobic life (Halliwell...

Receptors in Intestinal Muscles
Example essay. Last modified: 21st Aug 2018
Introduction: The experiment was conducted in order to gain better understanding of the function of the receptors in the guinea pig ileum. For this reason, various agonists and antagonists were used and the muscle ...

Recombinant DNA Pkan And Pamp
Example essay. Last modified: 10th May 2017
Introduction: DNA is an essential part of organisms. It is the director of many aspects of the body. The DNA consists of a sugar base, phosphate and a nitrogen base. There are only four nitrogen bases to choose fro...

Recycling Aluminium into Alum Crystals
Example essay. Last modified: 26th Aug 2021
Introduction: This experiment was designed to recycle aluminium into alum crystals which have uses in industry. The aluminium was converted to alum by heating the metal samples with potassium hydroxide solution. The product was then reacted with sulphuric acid followed by crystallization....

Red Blood Cells: Effects of Solute Concentration
Example essay. Last modified: 4th Jun 2018
Introduction: Osmotic Effect of Different Solutions on Red Blood Cells ABSTRACT In this lab we wanted to understand the osmotic effect that varying solute concentration has on erythrocytes. Osmosis is the way wate...

Regenerative Medicine Advantages and Disadvantages
Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2018
Introduction: Medical advances have significantly improved human living conditions. Pharmaceutical products such as drugs, antibiotics, vaccines and the remarkable improvements in medicine and surgery provide effec...

Regional Fruits in India
Example essay. Last modified: 29th May 2018
Introduction: Nature has bestowed us with a wide variety of plant resources and their products. Fruits and vegetables are very important food commodities not only in India but all over the world. The fruit and veg...

Regulation of the Cell Cycle
Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018
Introduction: Maturity from a single-celled zygote to fertile individual requires many cell divisions. For the duration of each division every dividing cell completes a well-organized set of events those collective...

Relationship Between Enzyme Concentration and Reaction Rate
Example essay. Last modified: 25th May 2018
Introduction: The scientific concept of this lab is to test the relationship between rate of reaction and the concentration of enzymes and the substrates, as well as the effects of pH, temperature, and salinity. Th...

Relationship Between Exercise and Reaction Time: Research
Example essay. Last modified: 17th May 2018
Introduction: EXERCISE AND REACTION TIME RESEARCH QUESTION: How, and to what extent, do varying intensities of aerobic exercise affect the visual and auditory reaction times of males between ages 15-20? INTRODUCTI...

Relationship Between Molecular Size/ Solute Permeability and the Movement of Water
Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2020
Introduction: Data         Abstract The purpose of our experiment is to explore the relationship between molecular ...

Relationship Between Mosquito Breeding And Environment
Example essay. Last modified: 2nd May 2017
Introduction: Mosquitoes are widely known throughout the world and mosquito using several water bodies for breeding (WHO, 1982). Larval species can be found in almost every type of non-flowing aquatic habitat from ...

Relationship between the Microbiome and Obesity
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Dec 2021
Introduction: This paper examines the relationship among the microbiome and obesity through twin studies, animal models, genetic links, and antibiotic use....

Renal Dialysis: Biochemistry and Haematology Changes
Example essay. Last modified: 21st May 2018
Introduction: 1. The basis of the changes from normal that occur in the blood biochemistry and haematology during renal failure Function of kidneys The kidneys excrete metabolism wastes from the body, e.g. urea. Th...

Rennet Production in Cheese
Example essay. Last modified: 24th May 2018
Introduction: TOPIC – Rennet Production NAMRATA KAMBLE INTRODUCTION Rennet is a mixture of proteolytic enzymes (tissue and gastric enzymes) – rennin (chymosin) and pepsin, obtained from gastric mucou...

Reporter System Using LuxABCDE
Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018
Introduction: La Rosa, S.L., Diep, D.B., Nes, I.F., et al. (2012) Construction and application of a luxABCDE reporter system for real-time monitoring of Enterococcus faecalis gene expression and growth. Applied an...

Reproductive Strategies in Birds
Example essay. Last modified: 6th Jun 2018
Introduction: Catherine Carrick Introduction Birds, like any other organism, constantly struggle to find a balance between the benefits of reproduction and the costs of reproductive effort expressed as adult mort...

Reproductive Systems in Males and Females
Example essay. Last modified: 6th Jun 2018
Introduction: NAME : BENJAMIN NHANDARA Human Reproduction, Growth and Development All living organisms reproduce and it is one of their main characteristics. Living organisms can produce a new member of species ...

Reptile and Bird Eggs: An Introduction
Example essay. Last modified: 16th Jul 2018
Introduction: For a long time now scientist have been studying all types of reptiles since before man walked the earth. When comparing today’s modern reptile eggs, and bird eggs we see many differences that a...

Requirements for a Balanced Diet
Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018
Introduction: A balanced diet is one that provides an adequate intake of energy and nutrients for maintenance of the body and therefore good health. A diet can easily be adequate for normal bodily functioning, yet ...

Research Achievements in Biomedical Engineering
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Jun 2018
Introduction: BIOMEDICAL ENGINNERING Biomedical Engineering is a branch of engineering which combines biology and medicine with engineering principles and mechanics for the enhancement of advanced health care tre...

Research into the Hepatitis B Virus
Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018
Introduction: Hepatitis B is an infectious illness caused by hepatitis B virus which infects the liver of humans, and cause an inflammation called hepatitis (World Health Organization, 2010). It is formerly known a...

Research on the Biological Basis of Emotions
Example essay. Last modified: 23rd Sep 2019
Introduction: To what extent has research on the biological basis of emotions reached a consensus. According to a bio-psychological view from Damasio (1995), emotions are considered a changed state w...

Reservoir Limit Testing Strategies
Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2018
Introduction: Reservoir limit testing is a powerful tool used to estimate the reservoir volumes of finite systems. The procedure was first introduced by Jone’s(1) which is restricted to only depletion drive r...

Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cements
Example essay. Last modified: 30th May 2018
Introduction: Glass Ionomer Cements is produced when ion-leachable calcium alumino-silicate glass powder that has fluoride is reacted with polyalkenoic acid. In recent times, the utilizing of Glass Ionomer Cements ...

Response of Zinc and Sulphur on Growth and Yield of Onion
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Feb 2020
Introduction: ABSTRACT  The present investigation was conducted during winter season of 2011-2012 at research farm Department of Horticulture Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture Technology ...

Restriction Digestion And Ligation Of Fischeri
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: A 1357.5 μg/ml pure sample of Vibrio fischeri chromosomal DNA, previously isolated, purified and quantified, was digested using Sal I. Upon digestion of the chDNA and the pGEM vector, ligation reacti...

Restriction Digestion and Ligation Plasmid Vector
Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2018
Introduction: A 1357.5 μg/ml pure sample of Vibrio fischeri chromosomal DNA, previously isolated, purified and quantified, was digested using Sal I. Upon digestion of the chDNA and the pGEM vector, ligation reacti...

Restriction digestion of DNA and agarose gel electrophoresis
Example essay. Last modified: 4th May 2017
Introduction: In this experiment, EcoR1 which is the restriction enzyme is used. The function of restriction enzyme is to cut the DNA into smaller stand. Hence, in this experiment, DNA pBR322 is been cut by the res...

Retroviral Mediated Gene Transfer
Example essay. Last modified: 23rd Jan 2018
Introduction: Retroviral methodology is an effectual method to integrate interested genes into animal genomes (Van et al., 1985). It is considered as a naturally occurring gene transfering system to integrate DNA ...

Reusing Plastic Bottles for Drinking Water
Example essay. Last modified: 29th May 2018
Introduction: Introduction Reusing water bottles is the practice of refilling and reuse of plastic water bottles designed for one use, with tap water. Reusing single-use bottles is a common domestic practice as it ...

Reversible Photochromism: Effects and Applications
Example essay. Last modified: 7th Jun 2018
Introduction: 1. Introduction In this report I will be looking at the smart material property known as Reversible Photochromism. This property contains a range of chemicals that react to UV light. This report will ...

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS)
Example essay. Last modified: 12th Jun 2018
Introduction: Inflammation is a protective reaction associated with vascular tissues in response to different stimuli such as irritants and pathogens. In addition, other causes of inflammation may include physical ...

Rhyniophytes Seedless Vascular Plants Characteristics
Example essay. Last modified: 11th Jun 2018
Introduction: Rhyniophytes are a group of fossil plants, which compose the first land flora, These seedless vascular plants that developed during the early Devonian period and during the Paleozic era, occurred in t...

Ricin: History, Origins, Toxicity and Properties
Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2018
Introduction: INTRODUCTION ORIGIN OF RICIN Ricin is a protein extracted from the seeds of the cas­tor bean plant (Ricinus communis). Ricin is a lectin and a member of a group of ribosome-inactivat­ing proteins li...

RNA World Theory: Summary and Analysis
Example essay. Last modified: 12th Jun 2018
Introduction: This essay will explore the principles of the RNA world theory and supports and criticisms for it. It will look at the properties of RNA which make this theory viable and it will also look briefly at ...

Rockmelon in Soilless Culture
Example essay. Last modified: 21st May 2018
Introduction: Rock Melon came from the melon family of Cantaloupe. It is a famous fruit in Europe especially in Mediterranean region. It is also famous in USA in different variety which is called muskmelon. C:Docum...

Role and Types of Biomolecules in the Human Body
Example essay. Last modified: 24th May 2018
Introduction: Complex organic compounds which governs the common activities of living organisms are called as biomolecules. Living systems are made up of various complex biomolecules like carbohydrates, proteins, n...

Role of Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
Example essay. Last modified: 6th Jun 2018
Introduction: Bacteria are unicellular micro-organisms that are found everywhere on earth. They are classified under prokaryotes. Prokaryotes are organisms which do not have a membrane bound nucleus unlike eukaryot...

Role Of E Coli And Salmonella Food Spoilage Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Food is sometimes contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms, there are many sort of Pathogenic bacteria it is very dangers for human, animal, salmonella one of them, it is frequently found in fowl ,...

Role of Epigenetic as a Force in Evolution
Example essay. Last modified: 3rd Nov 2020
Introduction: In this essay, the role of epigenetics as a force in evolution will be discussed. It will start with the interaction between environmental stressors and how individuals react to these through epigenetics, followed by comparing it to natural selection and genetic variation....

Role of Exercise in Reducing Insulin Resistance
Example essay. Last modified: 6th Jun 2018
Introduction: By: Pranav Maddali Abstract The major pathway of glucose regulation in the body is via the Glucose Transport System (GTS) in which cells stimulated by insulin cause an upregulation in expression a...

Role of Genetics in Obesity
Example essay. Last modified: 17th May 2018
Introduction: Sabita Tamang Introduction This non-practical research report will include the role of individuals’ genetics in abnormal weight gain (obesity). Obesity is described as someone whose weight is abo...

Role of Kidney in Homeostasis
Example essay. Last modified: 16th May 2018
Introduction: Water is a vital molecule for the human body. Approximately 98% of the human body is made up of water. Human beings cannot survive if their water content decreases below 12%; hence the homeostasis of ...

Role of Kidney in Osmoregulation
Example essay. Last modified: 12th Jun 2018
Introduction: Water is a vital molecule for the human body. Approximately 98% of the human body is made up of water. Human beings cannot survive if their water content decreases below 12%; hence the homeostasis of ...

Role of Light in Photosynthesis
Example essay. Last modified: 24th May 2018
Introduction: Light has a particulate nature and a wave nature. Light represents that part of the radiant energy having wavelengths visible to the naked eye, approximately 390 to 760 nm. This is a very narrow regio...

Role of Telomeres in Eukaryotic DNA Replication
Example essay. Last modified: 23rd Sep 2019
Introduction: GENETICS OF AGING In this essay I am going to investigate the importance of telomeres, their role in eukaryotic DNA replication, the importance of telomerase and shelterin complexes, th...

Role Of The Kidneys And Liver In Homeostasis
Example essay. Last modified: 12th May 2017
Introduction: What is homeostasis? Homeostasis is what gives the living organism (animal) the ability to keep their internal body at a balanced state. For example it will keep the amount of water that is in the an...

Rubber Tree Pink Disease: Causes and Effects
Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2018
Introduction: INTRODUCTION The rubber tree is the most important source of natural rubber. It is constantly under threat from various pathogens that cause severe diseases like abnormal leaf fall, Corynespora leaf ...

Rubisco In Spinach Leaves
Example essay. Last modified: 4th May 2017
Introduction: One of the many proteins found in Spinach leaves is ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). It is an enzyme that adds carbon dioxide to ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate during sugar produ...

Salbutamol Drug Analysis Methods
Example essay. Last modified: 22nd May 2018
Introduction: Salbutamol is a short acting ß2 adrenergic receptor agonist. It is a bronchodilator medicine used in conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, bronchitis and other ...

Salicylic Acid: Properties, Uses and History
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Jun 2018
Introduction: Salicylic acid is found naturally in the bark of the willow tree. It has been used for centuries to relieve a variety of ailments. It has also been developed in a variety of products in the areas of s...

Salmonella And Common Food Poisoning Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Food poisoning is a common problem that affects millions of people in the United States and throughout the world. Food poisoning can cause distressing and sometimes life threatening problems in human...

Salmonella in Shawarma : Causes, Effects and Solutions
Example essay. Last modified: 5th Aug 2021
Introduction: In Saudi Arabia, as result of the increase of temperature, the environment there is suitable to grow microbes in food and that lead to spoil food, thus occurrence food poisoning. In this research, salmonella food poisoning is discussed and the sources of these bacteria in Saudi Arabia are determined....

Salmonella Infection: Causes and Effects
Example essay. Last modified: 7th Jun 2018
Introduction: Recently, food safety is an increasingly important public health issue with news of food poisoning reported daily. Governments all over the world are intensifying their efforts to improve food safety....

Salt as a Pollutant for the Inhibition of growth for Ankistrodesmus Algae
Example essay. Last modified: 23rd Sep 2019
Introduction: Salt as a Pollutant for the Inhibition of growth for Ankistrodesmus Algae Introduction:  Around the world pollution has become a major issue effecting everyone. This inclu...

Salt Concentration Effect on Reaction Rates
Example essay. Last modified: 24th Jul 2018
Introduction: Enzymes are proteins that catalysis chemical reaction to its highest speed. They do so by lowering the activation energy. Enzymes contain an active site where a substrate, in this case, the hydrogen p...

Salt Concentrations on Germination of Seeds
Example essay. Last modified: 24th May 2018
Introduction: Through my research, I decided to use rye, oats and barley seeds because due to the increasing salinity problems, there would be future food shortages due to global warming damaging crops and the incr...

Salt Fractionation of Plasma Proteins | Lab Report
Example essay. Last modified: 25th May 2018
Introduction: Most enzymes are protein in nature and it is useful to be used for understanding the basic aspects in determining structure and physiochemical properties of proteins. Solubility of proteins determine ...

Science of Evolution and Genetics
Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2020
Introduction: This report is focusing on how the Science of Evolution has evolved humans using genetics. Evolution is the process of which many different organisms are believed to have developed from earlier f...

Secretors and Non-secretors Disease Susceptibility
Example essay. Last modified: 24th Sep 2021
Introduction: Human population can be categorized into secretors and non-secretors based on A, B and H antigen on basis of presence or absence of these blood group antigens in the body fluids and secretions, such as saliva, sweat, tears, semen, serum, mucus present in the digestive tract or respiratory cavities etc....

Seedling Production Of Mud Crab Scylla Serrata Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Seedling production of mud crab Scylla serrata has the potential to be an effective tool to support the demand of mud crab due depleted seed stock from the wild. Moreover, there is high consumer deman...

Separating Binary Mixture of Naphthalene and Biphenyl
Example essay. Last modified: 30th May 2018
Introduction: Napthalene and biphenyl mixture is a binary mixture of substances where the substances are very similar to each other as can be observed from their structures. Due to their similarities in physical pr...

Separating Mixtures Back Into Their Components | Experiment
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Jun 2018
Introduction: Abstract To separate these mixtures it was appropriate to understand the physical and chemical structures of all the substances situated within the mixture. After separating these mixtures based on th...

Separation By Extraction Of Benzoic Acid And Nitrotoluene
Example essay. Last modified: 9th May 2017
Introduction: Aim: To use the extraction separation technique so as to separate a mixture of benzoic acid and 4-nitrotoluene provided. This is carried out so as to obtain the individual components of the mixture in...

Separation of Histone Protein
Example essay. Last modified: 5th Jun 2018
Introduction: For estimating protein mixture qualitatively most widely used method is SDS-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). According to size of the protein, this SDS-PAGE is separate the protein and p...

Separation of Photosynthetic Pigments: Paper Chromatography
Example essay. Last modified: 31st Jul 2018
Introduction: Plant pigments have the ability to absorb visible light, which can be used in order to harvest energy for photochemical reactions. There are a variety of pigments present in plants, and for this exper...

Sepsis Infection Causes and Effects
Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018
Introduction: Sepsis affects 18 million people worldwide each year (Slade et al 2003). Sepsis remains life threatening and mortality rate remains high approximately 40-50 % (Opport et al2005). We, nurses in all are...

Septic Arthritis and Reactive Arthritis Comparison
Example essay. Last modified: 24th May 2018
Introduction: Septic infectious arthritis and reactive arthritis are two arthritic disorders that result from an infection. Though they both are related in their etiology and in their characteristic of causing arth...

Serotonin Function and Mechanism of Antidepressant Action
Example essay. Last modified: 21st May 2018
Introduction: Neurotransmitters are chemicals located and released in the brain to allow an impulse from one nerve cell to pass to another nerve cell. There are approximately 50 neurotransmitters identified. There ...

Seven Essential Functions And Comparisons Of Snapping Turtles Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: In order for the Alligator Snapping Turtle to maintain life, it relies on seven essential functions, which are the feeding (digestive), respiratory, circulatory, excretory, response, movement, and rep...

Sexual and Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Example essay. Last modified: 23rd Sep 2019
Introduction: Compare and contrast sexual and asexual reproduction in plants and give medicinal plant examples. Introduction Plants are eukaryotic organisms that evolved over billions of yea...

Sexual Reproduction in Animals: Advantages and Disadvantages
Example essay. Last modified: 17th May 2018
Introduction: Reproduction is the production of new individuals by an existing member or members of the same species. It is a fundamental characteristic of living things; the ability to self replicate in this way s...

Shock And Anaphylactic Shock
Example essay. Last modified: 3rd May 2017
Introduction: Shock is a medical emergency in which the organs and tissues of the body are not receiving a sufficient flow of blood. This deprives the organs and tissues of oxygen (which is carried in the blood) an...

Should Smoking in Public Places be Banned? Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 3rd Sep 2021
Introduction: Many countries have done or are still practicing some efforts to cut down the increasing of number of cases that caused by smoking. In many countries, smoking is public places is banned. People are not allowed to smoke in restaurants, schools, cafés and pubs....

Sickle Cell Anemia And Hemophilia Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Abstract In the following paper, sickle cell anemia and hemophilia disorders were studied extensively. Sickle cell anemia was found to be the disorder where the red blood cells develop into sickle sha...

Sickle Cell Anemia Case Study
Example essay. Last modified: 4th Jun 2018
Introduction: A 20-year-old Africa- America woman visits her physical complaining of episodes of extreme pain and discomfort in her legs and lower back. She has been experiencing these recurrent episodes, accompani...

Significance of Mitosis and Meiosis
Example essay. Last modified: 10th Aug 2021
Introduction: The aim of this report is to demonstrate understanding of cell division by giving a description of both mitosis and meiosis and their significance. As well as, demonstrate understanding of heredity and genetic variation through description of the following areas:...

Significance of Water Activity in Food Quality
Example essay. Last modified: 21st May 2018
Introduction: The importance of water activity aw in food systems cannot be overemphasized. Throughout history water activity in food has been controlled by optimizing its usage either through drying, addition of s...

Similarities Between Mechanical And Chemical Digestion Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Mechanical digestion is the breakdown of solid food into smaller particles and readies the substance for further breakdown in order for the body to obtain nourishment. Chemical digestion is the break...

Similarities Between Mitochondria And Bacteria Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Bacteria are believed to be among the oldest cells on Earth, fossils indicate bacteria-like organisms were around almost 3.5 billion years ago. They are unicellular micro-organisms that lack a membran...

Similarities between Photosynthesis and Aerobic Respiration
Example essay. Last modified: 21st Jul 2021
Introduction: Photosynthesis and aerobic respiration are both part of a cyclic process of biochemical reactions. Photosynthesis requires the products of aerobic respiration (carbon dioxide and water), while aerobic respiration requires the products of photosynthesis (glucose and oxygen)....

Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) in Plant Breeding
Example essay. Last modified: 29th May 2018
Introduction: Principle of Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) and Their Application in Plant Breeding Since life began on earth about 3 billion years ago, the biodiversity of the plants on our planet have gone through ...

Single Stage H Biased Amplifier Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: The objective of this laboratory exercise was to design, simulate, build and test a single stage H- biased amplifier to design specifications and requirements. The design specified a voltage gain of 5...

SIR Model of Epidemics - Investigation
Example essay. Last modified: 24th May 2018
Introduction: 1.1 Introduction Epidemic is applied to a disease which, spreading widely, attacks many person at the same time. Epidemic is a widespread outbreak of an infectious disease. When an epidemic exists, i...

Skeletal Specimens for Scientific Studies
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Jun 2018
Introduction: This report is about the proper techniques for preparing, cleaning, whitening and articulation of skeletal specimens for osteological, biological, veterinary or zoological study. It will explain the t...

Skin Functions, Structure and Relationship with the Body
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Jun 2018
Introduction: The main function of the skin, its structure and the relationship between the skin, circulatory and nervous system Draw a label diagram of the skin and describe its structures and key parts (See d...

Smoking and Alveolar Damage
Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018
Introduction: Lakshmi Mohanadas Cigarette smoking is one of the major cause for many of the lung diseases. Smoking is a practice of burning a dried plant and inhaling the smoke. It is one of most common form of ...

Smooth Muscle Contraction | Experiment
Example essay. Last modified: 7th Jun 2018
Introduction: Background information on smooth muscles  Smooth muscle is one of three muscle fiber types found in animals. Unlike skeletal and cardiac muscle cells, smooth muscle cells are not striated, and have s...

Snake Venom Effects on the Human Body
Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018
Introduction: Snake venom is adapted saliva that is formed by distinct glands of only certain species of snakes. The gland which secretes the zootoxin is an alteration of the parotid salivary gland of other vertebr...

Soap: History and Production Processes
Example essay. Last modified: 23rd May 2018
Introduction: Soap is integral to our society today, and we find it hard to imagine a time when people were kept sweet-smelling by the action of perfume rather than soap. However, the current widespread use of soap...

Solubility and K Dependence on Temperature
Example essay. Last modified: 4th Jun 2018
Introduction: An exothermic reaction is one which has a negative ΔH value while an endothermic reaction is one which has a positive ΔH value. Based on the results, the dissolution of potassium hydrogen ...

Sordaria Fimicola Crossing Over Lab
Example essay. Last modified: 23rd May 2018
Introduction: ABSTRACT: The objective of this lab was to study and test the sordaria fimicola fungus crossover by determining what color it will yield during meiosis; a cross over that will be between the wild type...

Sordaria Fimicola: Meiotic Divisions Experiment
Example essay. Last modified: 16th Jul 2018
Introduction: Abstract The purpose of this investigation is to determine the frequency of meiotic divisions analyzed from hybrid crossings collected from different strains of the fungus Sordaria fimicola. The exper...

Specific Humoral Immunity B Cells Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: The immune system is also known as the human defence system; it is made up different cells, tissues, proteins and organs which come together to play different roles in protecting the body from pathoge...

Spectrometry Types and Applications
Example essay. Last modified: 7th Aug 2018
Introduction: Spectrophotometry is the quantifiable study of interaction of electromagnetic radiations with the matter. Electromagnetic radiations do not require any medium for its transmission. It consists of two ...

Spectrophotometer And Its Function
Example essay. Last modified: 3rd May 2017
Introduction: In fact, light of narrow wavelength ranges can be transmitted through a sample solution by utilizing an optical instrument, spectrophotometer. Normally, it is used in biological and chemical sciences ...

Spectrophotometric Assay for Lipase Activity
Example essay. Last modified: 25th May 2018
Introduction: Decomposition of human and animals bodies depends on numbers of factors. One of these factors is the presence of bacteria, both endogenous and exogenous of the body. They use the environmental factors...

Spectroscopy Analysis Techniques
Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018
Introduction: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy is an extremely powerful and useful tool in performing experiments on the nuclei of atoms. NMR is defined by The American Heritage Dictionary as “The abso...

Spectroscopy of Salicylates | Lab Report
Example essay. Last modified: 12th Jun 2018
Introduction: The scenario is that a woman has been stopped by the police due to the condition of her driving. She tells the police that her driving was erratic due to trying to take the lid of a bottle of aspirin ...

Spicy Food: Not Just About Taste
Example essay. Last modified: 4th May 2017
Introduction: Spicy Food: Not Just About Taste We all have distinct feelings towards spicy food. Some people found spicy food enjoyable: the tongue trembling, like having sparks flying through, and then the body wa...

Spider Silk: Structure, Function and Uses
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Jun 2018
Introduction: Spider silk, also known as gossamer, is a fiber spun by spiders. Spider silk is a remarkably strong. Its tensile strength is comparable to that of high-grade steel. The term silk normally refers to a ...

Spoilage and Fermented Milk Products
Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2018
Introduction: The sweet prepared just by boiling the colostrum in pressure cooker is called Junnu in Telugu, kadamb paal in Tamil, ginnu in Kannada, Kharvas in Marathi and posu in Konkani. The literature survey has...

Stability Studies On Vitamin D Three Tablets
Example essay. Last modified: 3rd May 2017
Introduction: The basic purpose of this work was to develop accelerated stability study of Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) tablets and injections and to understand the drug stability at different intervals at accelera...

Stages and Factors Affecting Adipocere Formation
Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2020
Introduction: Adipocere is a decomposition product of hydrolysis and is composed of primarily composed of fatty acids. Adipocere mainly forms in warm, humid, and anaerobic environments. Despite the number of s...

Staphylococcus Aureus From Bacterial Genus
Example essay. Last modified: 12th May 2017
Introduction: The bacterial genus to be isolated and identification in this project is Staphylococcus. This genus has been chosen for the reason of its abundance on the skin of mammals and the pathogenic nature of ...

Staphylococcus Aureus: Structure and Function
Example essay. Last modified: 5th Jun 2018
Introduction: Staphylococcus was first discovered in 1880 by Alexander Ogston. Currently, more than 30 different species of the genus has been identified. The name “Staphylococcus” was derived from Gree...

Starch Hydrolysis by Amylase | Experiment
Example essay. Last modified: 6th Jun 2018
Introduction: Polysaccharides are polymers of carbohydrates. They are made up from monosaccharides which are linked together by glycosidic bonds. Polysaccharides are divided into two main groups: structural polysac...

Starch Hydrolysis of Amylase
Example essay. Last modified: 28th Jul 2021
Introduction: The purpose of experiment is to observe amylase enzyme in different environment and detect of each environment by helping colour changes....

Stem Cell Research Advantages and Disadvantages
Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2018
Introduction: JOSHUA REED ‘Do the potential benefits of stem cell research outweigh the risks and negative ethical implications associated with it?’ 1. INTRODUCTION Stem cell research is currently one of th...

Stem Cells and its Use in Therapy
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Feb 2020
Introduction: Introduction Stem cells are unspecialized cells found in the human body with the potential to become specialized. Stem cells have the ability to become and replace any cell in the body. ...

Stem Cells: History, Properties and Research
Example essay. Last modified: 11th Jun 2018
Introduction: History Stem cells are cells found in all multi cellular organisms. They are characterized by the ability to renew themselves through mitotic cell division and differentiate into a diverse ran...

Stereopsis Experiment Design
Example essay. Last modified: 25th May 2018
Introduction: Stereograms, also called Single Image Random Dot Stereograms (SIRDS) are visual illusions that make it possible to get three dimensional images from......

Sterilization And Aseptic Technique Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: This experiment was done to learn proper way of using aseptic technique and sterilization by isolating pure culture of bacterial. Afterwards, the bacterial cells in a sample and their optical density ...

Sterilization Techniques in Laboratory
Example essay. Last modified: 22nd May 2018
Introduction: Heat: most important and widely used. For sterilization one must consider the type of heat, and most importantly, the time of application and temperature to ensure destruction of all microorganisms. E...

Stimulus Strength and Response in Muscle Fibers
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Feb 2020
Introduction: A study of stimulus strength and response, muscle length and tension generated, and contraction strength in gastrocnemius muscle of frogs. Introduction:   The amou...

Stomata Density and the Relationship to Plant Adaptions
Example essay. Last modified: 23rd Sep 2019
Introduction: Observing Stomata Density and the Relationship to Plant Adaptions Abstract Stomata are vital for essential life processes. They are mostly found on plant leaves and open and cl...

Streptococcus Lactis: Structure and Applications
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Jun 2018
Introduction: The following paper describes the bacteria Lactococcus lactis previously referred to as Streptococcus lactis. Lactococcus lactis is used in the making of dairy products. The most common of these produ...

Streptococcus Mutans: Causes, Effects and Transmission
Example essay. Last modified: 16th May 2018
Introduction: Introduction Streptococcus mutans is the bacteria responsible for dental cavities in humans. The full taxonomy, or classification of the organism, is Bacteria Firmicutes Bacilli Lactobacillales Stre...

Streptococcus Pneumoniae Bacteria Characteristics
Example essay. Last modified: 16th May 2018
Introduction: Introduction Streptococcus pneumoniae lives in the upper respiratory tract of a human body. This bacterium is the cause of pneumonia, especially lobar pneumonia, otitis media and paranasal sinusitis, ...

Stress Corrosion Cracking of Brass in Ammonia
Example essay. Last modified: 31st Jul 2018
Introduction: Six samples of brass were taken, stamped to induce residual stress, were then exposed ammonia and ammoniacal copper sulphate solutions of different concentrations and composition for a period of 4 day...

Stroke Risk With Thalassemia
Example essay. Last modified: 30th May 2018
Introduction: This paper reviews the contributions of stroke and its correlation with the increased occurrences among persons positive for thalassemia. It also examines the relationship between the person’s t...

Structure and Ecology of E.Coli
Example essay. Last modified: 30th May 2018
Introduction: NURUL ATIKAH INTRODUCTION Since the ancient time until today, the modern day area, human had been living with various microorganism like bacteria, archaea, algae, fungi, protozoa and viruses (Pelcz...

Structure and Function of Biomolecules
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Jun 2018
Introduction: All Biomolecules have certain functions and these molecules all have a unique structure which is why they function in these ways. These molecules are known collectively as macromolecules, these molecu...

Structure And Function Of Biomolecules Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: All Biomolecules have certain functions and these molecules all have a unique structure which is why they function in these ways. These molecules are known collectively as macromolecules, these molecu...

Structure and Function of Neurons
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Feb 2020
Introduction: The focus of this essay is to give an account of the structure and function of a neuron.  A neuron is a solitary specialized cell often found to be part of a neural circuit working within th...

Structure and Function of Proteins
Example essay. Last modified: 23rd May 2018
Introduction: Whichever essay topic macromolecule you pick, you will need to outline the variety of structures in that family of macromolecules it may be useful to use diagrams for this, you will then need to expla...

Structure and Function of the Digestive System
Example essay. Last modified: 23rd May 2018
Introduction: The function of each part of the digestive system The digestive system starts from mouth to the anus. The important parts of the digestive systems are mouth, teeth, tongue, oesophagus, liver, gall bl...

Structure And Functions Of Erythrocytes
Example essay. Last modified: 5th May 2017
Introduction: Red blood cells are the main type of blood cell in the blood plasma, they are also called erythrocytes and have oxygen carrying properties. They pick up oxygen and release carbon dioxide at the lungs ...

Structure and Functions of Microtubules
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jun 2020
Introduction: Describe the Structure and Functions of Microtubules – Why Can Drugs That Interfere With Microtubule Assembly Be Used as Cancer Therapy? Introduction Microtubules form as a highly organised netw...

Structure And Properties Of Ibuprofen
Example essay. Last modified: 21st Apr 2017
Introduction: Ibuprofen, which is a member of the propionic acid group of Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, drugs (NSAIDs). Ibuprofen is a racemic mixture of [+]S- and [-]R-enantiomers. Ibuprofen contains contains a...

Structure of the Male Reproductive System
Example essay. Last modified: 12th Mar 2018
Introduction: New chapter 35 The Male Reproductive System INTRODUCTION The male reproductive system has three principal functions: The differentiation and maintenance of the primary and secondary sex characterist...

Structure Organization And Function Of The Human Body Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Cell are the structural and functional units of all living organisms. Some organisms, such as bacteria, are unicellular, consisting of a single cell. Other organisms, such as humans, are multicellular...

Structures & Characteristics of Microorganisms for Classification
Example essay. Last modified: 18th Aug 2021
Introduction: This assignment will explain how the structures and characteristics of microorganisms are used to classify them. It will illustrate the structures of microorganisms observed using a light microscope and an oil immersion lens....

Structures and Functions of Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2020
Introduction: The Human Reproductive Systems   Introduction: Here is my report on the human reproductive system it covers the structure and functions of the male and female repr...

Study Of Solubility Equilibrium Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: The solubility product constant of potassium hydrogen tartrate in water and it dependence of temperature were investigated in this experiment. The solubility product constant was determined at differe...

study of the various types of xenotransplantation
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Xenotransplantation is the procedure where live cells, tissues or organs from an animal are implanted, or infused into human patient. There are four different categories of xenotransplantation procedu...

Study On The Anthrax Disease Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: In 2001, letters containing the virulent Ames strain of anthrax spores were mailed to several news media offices killing five people and infecting 17 others. I found this story and the use of anthrax...

Subcloning Experiment: Transfer of a DNA Fragment from pMB to Puc19
Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2020
Introduction: Subcloning of the PstI fragment from pMB into pUC19 1. introduction       DNA should never be treated of considered as a static molecule since those mol...

Submerged And Solid State Fermentation
Example essay. Last modified: 19th May 2017
Introduction: Higher fungi, also known as Dikarya, are a subkingdom of Fungi that is comprised of the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. They do not possess flagella and can are either filamentous or unicellular. ...

Substrate On Rate Respiration In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
Example essay. Last modified: 25th Apr 2017
Introduction: The aim of this investigation is to examine what effects different substrates have on the respiration of yeast. I will investigate this by measuring the amount of carbon dioxide evolved during anaerob...

Succinate Dehydrogenase Enzyme In Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is an enzyme found in the inner mitochondrial membrane, which makes it an easy target to isolate when studying the citric acid cycle. This enzyme is responsible for catal...

Sulfonamides Partition Coefficient Analysis
Example essay. Last modified: 23rd May 2018
Introduction: In the science of rational drug design, log P value of a compound is important to determine its extent of capability to pass through cell membrane. In determining log P of sulfonamides, Thin-layer Chr...

Sun Leaves And Shade Leaves Of Acer
Example essay. Last modified: 12th May 2017
Introduction: Sun leaves and shade leaves respond quite differently to their environment (Goulet and Bellefleur 1986). Sun leaves, relative to shade leaves, are thicker, heavier (per unit area), smaller, lighter co...

Superoxide Anion Radical Scavenging Activity Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Where A518 control is the absorbance of DPPH radical+ methanol; A518 sample is the absorbance of DPPH radical + extract or compound / standard. Superoxide anion radical scavenging activity Superoxide ...

Surface Tension of Deionized Water | Experiment
Example essay. Last modified: 6th Jun 2018
Introduction: Abstract Surface tension of deionized water was measured across a range of 0 ml to 4.8 ml of two different compounds by dropping a solute onto a penny until the surface tension was broken. The uncer...

Survival and Thermal resistance of Desiccated Salmonella
Example essay. Last modified: 3rd Nov 2021
Introduction: The intent of this research is to investigate the survival and thermal resistance of desiccated Salmonella in low moisture foods and dry processing environments....

Suspending Agent for Extemporaneous Formulations
Example essay. Last modified: 16th May 2018
Introduction: An oral suspension is sometimes used in situations where a normal solid oral tablet or capsule cannot be administered by the patient due to certain conditions or preferences. Also patients in the medi...

SWOT Analysis Of Calf Fattening And Modifcation Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Calf fattening is all-inclusive activity, related to meet animal’s care, housing, medication, feeding and management. It is defined as all those aspects and activities relating to raising of cal...

Swot Analysis Of The Approaches To Cannon
Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2017
Introduction: Quick Response and Repair Centers (QRCs). Canon excellence in after-service support is essential to Chinese customers. Canon China has set up QRCs in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and other cities to ...

Symbiotic Relationships in Nature | Examples
Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2018
Introduction: The word symbiosis can be broken down into syn, meaning with, and biosis, meaning living. From those meanings, the definition of a symbiotic relationship can be inferred. It is an intimate and sometim...

Symptoms And Treatments In Cystic Fibrosis
Example essay. Last modified: 20th Apr 2017
Introduction: Abstract Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common genetically inherited diseases which can cause premature death in western populations, with 1 in 2000-3000 new born babies being found to be aff...

Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles
Example essay. Last modified: 29th May 2018
Introduction: Gold ions are reduced to neutral gold atoms, where citrate ions act as both a reducing agent and a capping agent. This formation of gold nanoparticles can be observed by a change in color since small ...

Synthesis Polylactic Acid By Lipase Catalyzed Polymerization Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Polylactic acid (PLA), the biodegradable polymer, has received increasing attention as alternative materials in packaging and biomedical applications. The general method for synthesis of PLA using ch...

Systems in the Human Body
Example essay. Last modified: 29th May 2018
Introduction: Muscular System There are numerous similarities and differences between the mink’s muscular system and that of a human’s. For example, the superficial musculatures of the back of the mink&...

T Cell Receptor and the B Cell Receptor: Comparison
Example essay. Last modified: 7th Jun 2018
Introduction: The entire world is full of pathogens which we need to fight off to leave a normal life. Due to this, we have an immune system that helps us fight off and prevent/manage subsequent infections. Our imm...

Tablet Direct Compression Methods
Example essay. Last modified: 31st May 2018
Introduction: Tablets are solid dosage forms usually prepared with the aid of suitable pharmaceutical excipients. The excipients can include binders, glidants (flow aids) and lubricants to ensure efficient tabletin...

Taiwan Napier Nutritional Content
Example essay. Last modified: 27th Aug 2021
Introduction: Pennisetum purpureum particularly Taiwan Napier or elephant grass is a perennial forage crop with high growth rate, high productivity, good nutritive value and mostly used for cut and carry system over the tropical and sub-tropical area of the world....

Talinum Triangulare (jac.) Phytochemical Composition
Example essay. Last modified: 30th May 2018
Introduction: Title: Study of phytochemical composition of leaves, stems and roots in Talinum triangulare (jac.) willd. 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of study The Talinum triangulare have common name as ‘Ginse...

Tamarind: Medicinal Uses And Properties
Example essay. Last modified: 16th May 2017
Introduction: Tamarinds belong to the family of leguminous plants called Fabaceae, which means that they comprise of fruits with seeds enclosed within an encapsulated pod, flowers are bilaterally symmetrical with 5...

Taxonomy System and Linnaean System
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Jun 2018
Introduction: Since the early life of human beings, we have grouped organisms into classifications for many different reasons related to science. “The classification systems are very important because it al...

Techniques for Cell Preservation
Example essay. Last modified: 21st May 2018
Introduction: Summary  Many industries such as the food, pharmaceutical and horticultural industries require an extensive use of various types of cells. Hence there is a requirement to preserve cells so that they ...

Techniques Of Restriction Mapping
Example essay. Last modified: 16th May 2017
Introduction: Introduction: A description of restriction endonuclease cleavage sites within a piece of DNA is referred to as a restriction map. Such a map is usually generated as the first step in characterizing an...

Temperature And Solubility Of Potassium Nitrate Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Background of the experiment: When a gram of Potassium Nitrate is deposited in a milliliter of water the time taken for the substance to dissolve is called rate of solubility of the salt. This is meas...

temperature on the activity of liver
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Introduction: Catalase is a common enzyme found in living and it acts as a protective mechanism for delicate biochemical machinery of cells. The enzyme catalyzes the exothermic decomposition of hy...

Temperature On The Membrane Permeability Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Abstract The effect of various temperatures on the membrane permeability of Beta Vulgaris, more commonly known as the red beet, will be investigated in this experiment. Using seven different samples, ...

Test For Saponin Glycosides Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Male wistar rats weighing between 150 and 220 gm were used for this study. The animals will be obtained from animal house, IRT, Perundurai medical College, Erode, TamilNadu, India. On arrival, the ani...

Testing for Starch, Sugar and Protein in Foods
Example essay. Last modified: 5th Aug 2021
Introduction: The colour of the reactions on identifying common substance was largely as predicted by theory. The experiments mentioned above show clearly that after adding the iodine solution into solution A, the yellow-brown colour changed in a blue-black colour, which indicated the presence of starch due to I3- complexes....

Testing The Purity Of Aspirin Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid, is a drug used to relieve minor aches and pains or fever. It originates back to the time of Hippocrates who discovered that chewing the bark of the willow tree helped...

The Acid Base Imbalance Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Regulation of hydrogen ion concentration in the body is a necessity for normal bodily functions.1 The concentration of H+ in all bodily fluids are maintained to keep pH ranges between narrow limits, t...

The adaptations of the human placenta and foetus
Example essay. Last modified: 9th May 2017
Introduction: Describe the adaptations of the human placenta and foetus to improve oxygen availability. (Dr P. Bush) The human placenta is an organ located in the uterus. It plays a huge role in the active transp...

The Ash Content Of A Crude Drug Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: The ash content of a crude drug is generally taken to be the residue remaining after incineration. It usually represents the inorganic salts naturally occurring in the drug and adhering to it, but it ...

The Bamboo And Construction With Bamboo Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: The world is at the jaws of crisis in many sectors in the near future. One of the most important of them is the availability of timber. World is becoming more and more urbanized. There must be some so...

The Basic Informational Macromolecules Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: Nucleic acids are the basic informational macromolecules that contributes to the most essential characteristic properties of living system, reproduction and genetic conttrols. Lower and higher molecul...

The Biological Basis of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Example essay. Last modified: 8th Feb 2020
Introduction:   Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a debilitating anxiety disorder that initiates feelings of distress to those suffering from it. Such obsessive-compulsive disorders include ...

The Biological Effects Of Ionizing Radiation Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: The biological effects of ionizing radiation are determined by both the radiation dose and the radiation quality ionization density. To understand the radiation protection concerns associated with dif...

The Biology of Retinoblastoma
Example essay. Last modified: 23rd Sep 2019
Introduction: The Biology of Retinoblastoma   Abstract : Retinoblastoma (RB) is one of the most common intraocular malignancy tumors that occur during childhood and infanc...

The Breakdown of Fructose
Example essay. Last modified: 7th Aug 2018
Introduction: First of all I would like to describe the term enzymes. Basically enzymes are protein which is used in the chemical reaction and they act as a catalyst in these reactions. Their function is to speed u...

The Catalyst Potassium Iodide Biology Essay
Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: This experiment is revolves around the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. There were several objectives for this experiment: Monitor the rate of a chemical reaction, determine the kinetic order, find...

The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
Example essay. Last modified: 24th Jul 2018
Introduction: The molecule we know today as deoxyribonucleic acid was first observed in 1869 by Swiss biologist Friedrich Miescher, who stumbled upon a substance which was resistant to protein digestion. At the tim...